James willard morris



(No Model.)

J. W. MORRS.

COMBINED SEEING EINCE AND DCCE CHECK.

Patented Apr. 1, 1890.

W C M m UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES VILLARD MORRIS, OF NEV YORIQN.

COMBINED SPRING-HINGE AND DOOR-CHECK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 424,614, dated April 1,1890.

Application led December 20, 1889. Serial No. 334,433. (No model.)

To all whom t 17m/y concern:

Be it known that 1, JAMES WILLARD Mon- RIs, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at New York city, in the county and State of New York,have invented a new and useful Improvement in an Automatic CombinedSpringllinge and Door-Check, of which the following is a specification.

The main object of my invention is to simplify the'con struction, andthereby reduce the size and lessen the cost of the combined springhingeand door-check which is the subject of an application iiled by meSeptember 9, 1.889, Serial No. 323,419.

A further object of my invention is to produce a combined spring-hingeand door-check which may be converted into a simple hinge without theremoval of any of the parts by simply throwing the spring and checkingmechanism out of action.

In my application above referred to the opening of the hinge tends torotate the hingepintle relatively to the cylinder and to the inclinedplanes, whereby through such relative rotary movement the hinge pintleis lifted. The construction. shown to effect this in that applicationrequired the extending of the cylinder of the dash-pot below thehingeleaves and the formation of the inclined planes on the same leaf asthe cylinder, thus increasing the size and cost of manufacture of thehingeL In my present invention the hinge-pintle does notl rotaterelatively to the cylinder and the inclined planes are not on the samehingeleaf as the cylindenv By this construction I am enabled to lessenthe size and cost of the hinge, as the cylinder or dash-pot thereof maybe formed and arranged adjacent to and not below the hinge-leaves, andthe lifting of the pintle may be eifected directly relatively to thecylinder, which is a desirable feature, tending to economy in size andcost In the simple form of my present invention the hinge-pintle isprevented from rotating relatively to the cylinder by being squared orangularly formed for a portion of its length and caused to pass througha square or correspondingly-angular hole cut in the cylinder of thehinge. In the convertible form the hin ge-pintle is squared, as before,but instead of being caused to pass through a square hole in the top ofthe cylinder it is caused to pass through a square hole in a part which,when a simple acting hinge is desired, may be readily arranged to turnwith respect to the cylinder, so as to oppose no resistance to therotation of the pintle, but which may be locked to prevent the rotationof the pintle relatively to the cylinder when a 'combined spring-hingeand door-check is desired.

In both forms of my present hinge the lifting of the pintle is effectedby the opening of the hinge directly, either by forcing an inclinedplane under a projection of the pintle when the cylinder is stationaryor by forcing the pintle directly up the inclined pla-ne when thecylinder moves.

Of course it will be understood that it is immaterial to the operationof the device how it is applied-th at is, whether the leaf carrying thecylinder is the moving leaf and the leaf .carrying the inclines thestationary leaf, or vice versa.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification,Figure 1 is an elevation, partially in section, of a-combinedspring-hinge and door-check embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is anelevation, partially in section, of a convertible spring-hinge anddoor-check. Fig. 3 is a vertical section of a portion of the device ofFig. 2, certain of the parts being in elevation. Fig. a is acrosssection taken on the plane of the line et 4, Fig. 3, with ,theanti-friction balls removed. Fig. 5 is a cross-section taken on theplane of the lines 5 5, Fig. l; and Fig. G is a cross-section of thecylinder of the dash-pot, taken on the plane of the line 6 G, Figs. 1and 2.

As shown in the drawings, A is the moving leaf of the hinge, B thestationary leaf, and C t-hc pintle, which combines the two parts of thehinge.

The moving leaf of the hinge is provided with a socket D, cored toreceive the pintle and provided with spiral grooves E and E', adapted toreceive rollers F F', carried by said pintle.

The stationary leaf of the hinge is provided i with the socket, knuckle,or cylinder G, which receives the pintle, the coiled spring' II, and thesupply of fluid which acts as the cushion.

In Fig. 1 the socket or knuckle D is supported upon the cylinder G, asshown, and to IOO reduce the friction between those parts antifrictionbearing-balls I are introduced into the circular groove formed bymatching' the semicircular channels in each part.

The pintle C is squared for a portion of its length and passes through asquare hole in the top of the cylinder G in Fig. l., whereby it isprevented from turning relatively to said cylinder. At, its endvthepintle is provided with a head J, having passages J therein. A

valve K, surrounding a collar L, is afforded a spring-seat by the coiledspring L and between the head J and the upper end of the cylinderthe'spring H is coiled around thev pintle. For the purpose of combiningthe head J and parts below it with the pintle I' form a shoulder on (thepintle, as shown, and turn ascrew-thread on the reduced portion- Thehead J vand collar L 4are internally screw-threaded and are leasilyadjusted to place, the collar L acting as a The spring L and' below theshoulder.

jam-'nut for the head. valve K are held in place by the iiange L2 of thecollar.

at c yo2 o3 o4, Fig. e. r

I prefer to mount the rollers F F on thel pintle C by passing a screw Othrough each,

countersinking the heads in the rollers, the

screws being of such length that their ends will abut at the center lineof the pintle. -A screw P is then inserted from the top of the 'pintleand 'passed through the ends of each of the `screws O, as shown at Fig.5. By this construction the rollers may be readily com. 'Y bined with"the pintle, the screw P prevent-v ing the turningof screws O,wherebythe parts will remain in place.

The operation of the par-ts above described j is as follows: Preferablythe rollers F F are so Aarranged with reference to the spiral 1 groovesE and E that when the door is closed they will be raised somewhat fromthe bottom thereof. The object of this is to provide room for theexpansion of t-he closing-spring H to effect the latching of the dooraft-er the door Fluid willf is brought to the closed position. be`-supplied to the cylinder, so as to fill or nearly fill the same. thelower wall of the grooves E and E' will actas wedges, and will, inproportion to the extent they are forced under the rollers F F',

lift them and the pintle with themA By carrying the grooves nearlyaround the section. or knuckle D, which is preferably circulan' the doormay be opened to more than ninety` degrees. The lifting of the pintle Ccompresses the spring H, which, when the door is released, :acts toforce the pintle to the bot-1 tom of the cylinder G. During `the upwardrmovement of the head J the passages J A therein will remain open untilthe bottoln of the head has just passed the lower end of the The fluid,which i channels C', C2, 'Cand C4. up to this point iiowed through thepassages J', will now flow aroundthe periphery of the head in the saidchannels freely, and the The cylinder G iis formed with' channels for aportion of its length, as showny On opening the doory -around theperiphery of the piston-head in the more restricted space which nowoccurs,

between the cylinder andwhead below the channels C', 85e. By a properproportioning of the parts the check may be effected fat any desiredpoint in the closing movemen't'of the door.

The convertible form of hinge is 'substantially similar in constructionand mode `of,

operation to the simple vform above described, differing from it,however, in the following particulars: Between the section D andcylinder G a steel ring Q is interposed-,said ring being provided withan annular flange X, which `enters 'a circular opening in the head ofthe cylinder G, whereby said ringis seated so that it may turn freelywhenl unlocked.

Said ring is also provided with'a semicircu'la'r.

groove corresponding with `the groove in the sect-ion D. Anti-frictionbearing-balls are 1nserted between these two parts in the circulargroove, as was done between the section D and cylinder. On the peripheryof this steel ring a notch R and hole S are cut, and its'cen-ter is IOOformed Vwith a square hole'to Vreceive theYYY square portion 'of thepintle C. Upon a lug T, projecting from the cylinder, a dog U is pivotedin such position as to adapt a tooth U on its end to enter the notch Rand lock the ring Q from rotating. AA rspring U2L 'acts to throw andhold the tooth in v,its notch. The hole S is adaptedto receive-a pin orother implement by which the ring may be turned IIO when effecting theengagement or disengagch ment of the tooth U and -notch R. j l

It will be obvious that when the steel ring is locked from tu-rning bythe dog U the lopening of the door will effect the lifting of the pintleand the action will be the `same as described for the simple form ofhinge; butV when the steel ring is free to turn by reason of the toothon the Adogbeing out ofthe notch the result will be that the pintle Cwill be' turned 4relatively to the cylinder and not lifted, and ofcourse the spring and checking mechanisms will not be operated. j

In operation at the lmoment the check is effected there is a tendencyfor the hinge leaves-to separate vertically. This mayreadi-ly v beprovided for in several ways-eas, for in*- stance, by locating my deviceon a door be tween two ordinary hinges, or by placing two offmy deviceson the same door, one with -t-he cylinder stationary and vthe other withthe cylinder movable.

What I claim isA 1. In a combined spring-hinge and doorcheck, thecombination of a reciprocating pintle, means for moving said pintledirectly in each direction, and a check for retarding the movement ofthe pintle in one direction, substantially as set forth.

2. In a combined spring-hinge and doorcheck, the combination of a pintleheld from rotating, a turning part of the hinge adapted to engage withand move said pintle in one direction, a spring for returning saidpintle, and a check for retarding the return movement of the pintle,substantially as set forth.

In a combined spring-hinge and doorcheck, the combination of a pintleheld from rotating, a turning part of the hinge adapted to engage withand move said pintle in one direction, a spring for returning saidpintle, and a dashepot of which the pintle forms part, substantially asset forth.

4:. In a combined springdiinge and doorcheck, the combination of apintle squared for a portion of its length to adapt it to slide througha square hole in a iixed part of the hinge, a moving part of the hingeadapted to engage with and move said pintle in one direction, a springfor returning said pi ntle, and a dash-pot of which the pintle formspart, substantially as set forth.

5. In a combined springhinge and doorcheck, a pintle held from rotating,a projection or projections on said pintle, an incline surface on amoving part of the hinge engaging with said projections, a spring forreturning said pintle, and a check for rotarding the return movement ofthe pintle, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination, in a combined springhinge and doonchecl, with thestationary and moving hinge-leaves, of a cylinder attached to saidstationary leaf -and forming the support for the `moving leaf to turnon, and a pintle entering said cylinder and said moying hinge-leaf,substantially as set forth.

7. In a convertible combined spring-hinge and door-check, thecombination, with the spring and checking mechanism, of means forthrowing said mechanism out of action, substantially as set forth.

8. In a convertible combined spring-hinge and door-check, thecombination, with a pintle and means for reciprocating it, of a dashpotof which the pintle forms the plunger and means for throwing thereciprocating mechanism out of action, substantially as set forth.

9. In a convertible combined spring-hinge and door-check, thecombination of a pintle, means for reciprocating the pintle, and meansfor throwing the reciprocatingmechanism out of action, substantially asset forth.

. l0. In a convertible combined spring-hinge and door check, thecombination, with the pintle squared for a portion of its length, of apiece having a square hole through which said pintle passes, a dog tolock said piece, and means for releasing said dog to permit the piece toturn, substantially as set forth.

1l. The combination, With the hinge-pintle, of two rollers, a screw forsecuring each of said rollers on said pintle, and a third screw,substantially as set forth.

This specilication signed and witnessed this 14th day of December, 1889.

J. XVILLARD MORRIS.

Witnesses:

WILLIAM PELZER, D. H. DRIsooLL.

